Fata Morgana (Mirage)

Fata Morgana or Mirage is a form of superior mirage that is seen in a narrow band right above the horizon. It is an Italian term named after the Arthurian sorceress Morgan le Fay.

Fata Morgana mirages significantly distort the object or objects on which they are based, often such that the object is completely unrecognizable. A Fata Morgana may be seen on land or at sea, in polar regions, or in deserts. It may involve almost any kind of distant object, including boats, islands, and the coastline.

For example, if you arrive on the desert and see a pool of water from distant, its not a real pool of water. It happen because the light from the sun (very hot) reflect to a sand and producing a shining area that look like pool.
*See Picture below.

It occur when the area are very hot or very cold. In the hot one, it caused by a very hot sun that reflect it light to the ground. In the cold one, it caused by ice that reflect sunlight and look like a shining ice or a pool.

The mirage also can create things flying or floating. Flying Dutchman, a floating ghost ship rumored it just a mirage in the sea from a scientist.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXnhriF84kk for Mirage Video